Cancer vaccines aim to direct the immune system to eradicate cancer cells. Here we review
the essential immunologic concepts underpinning natural immunity and highlight the …

Recent advances in several areas are rekindling interest and enabling progress in the
development of therapeutic cancer vaccines. These advances have been made in target …

The approach of peptide-based anticancer vaccination has proven the ability to induce
cancer-specific immune responses in multiple studies for various cancer entities. However …

The clinical benefit of therapeutic cancer vaccines has been established. Whereas
regression of lesions was shown for premalignant lesions caused by HPV, clinical benefit in …

The recent success of cancer immunotherapies has highlighted the benefit of harnessing the
immune system for cancer treatment. Vaccines have a long history of promoting immunity to …

To understand why cancer vaccine–induced T cells often do not eradicate tumors, we
studied immune responses in mice vaccinated with gp100 melanoma peptide in incomplete …

Publisher Summary It is known for some time that malignant transformation of human cells
may be associated with the appearance of tumor associated antigens (TAA). Decades of …

This Review deals with recent progress in the immunotherapy of established (pre) malignant
disease of viral or non-viral origin by synthetic vaccines capable of inducing robust T-cell …

Peptide vaccines incorporate one or more short or long amino acid sequences as tumor
antigens, combined with a vaccine adjuvant. Thus, they fall broadly into the category of …

A dose-response relationship to stressors, according to the hormesis theory, is characterized
by low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition. It is non-linear with a low-dose optimum …