Pain medication plays an important role in the treatment of acute and chronic pain
conditions, but some drugs, opioids in particular, have been overprescribed or prescribed …

Pain is the major symptom of osteoarthritis (OA) and is an important factor in strategies to
manage this disease. However, the current standard of care does not provide satisfactory …

Pain is a manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that is mediated by inflammatory and non-
inflammatory mechanisms and negatively affects quality of life. Recent findings from a Phase …

There is burgeoning interest in the interaction between the immune and nervous systems.
Pain is mediated by primary sensory neurons (nociceptors) that can respond to a variety of …

Current pain therapeutics offer inadequate relief to patients with chronic pain. A growing
literature supports that pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling between immune, glial, and …

In rheumatology, chronic pain most often sets in after a musculoskeletal injury. Its
persistence is not always due to the progression of the initial injury, but in some cases to the …

Pain is the major debilitating symptom of osteoarthritis (OA), which is difficult to treat. In OA
patients joint tissue damage only poorly associates with pain, indicating other mechanisms …

A high-intensity potentially tissue-injuring stimulus generates a homotopic response to
escape the stimulus and is associated with an affective phenotype considered to represent …

The immune system and the peripheral sensory nervous system communicate through
hardwired and humoral routes using shared mediators and receptors. On the basis of …

Background Neuropathic pain is experienced worldwide by patients suffering from nerve
injuries, infectious or metabolic diseases or chemotherapy. However, the treatment options …