The study of trophic ecology of benthic marine invertebrates with bi-phasic life cycles is
critical to understand the mechanisms shaping population dynamics. Moreover, global …

Seismic surveys are conducted worldwide to explore for oil and gas deposits and to map
subsea formations. The airguns used in these surveys emit low-frequency sound waves …

Ocean acidification (OA) is expected to rise towards the end of the 21st century altering the
life history traits in marine organisms. Upwelling systems will not escape OA, but unlike other …

As oceans and many estuaries become more acidic, identifying adaptable or nonadaptable
species (“winners” or “losers”) will enable better predictions of community and ecosystem …

Hypoxia can have drastic adverse effects on coastal ecosystems, especially when coupled
with heat stress. Most organisms are thought to be more sensitive to stress during their larval …

The muricid gastropod Acanthina monodon deposits egg capsules in both subtidal and
intertidal environments. Intertidal egg capsules are naturally exposed during low tides to …

Among calyptraeid gastropods, males become females as they get older, and egg capsules
containing developing embryos are maintained beneath the mother's shell until the …

Upwelling phenomena alter the physical and chemical parameters of the sea's subsurface
waters, producing low levels of temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen, which can seriously …

Encapsulated development in the intertidal environment can potentially expose developing
embryos to environmental stresses, particularly during low tides. Such stresses can affect …

Intertidal environments experience low salinity during heavy rainfall, creating stressful
conditions for organisms, including invertebrate pelagic larvae, which can affect post …