Throughout life, individuals experience a vast array of positive and aversive events that
trigger adaptive behavioural responses. These events are often unpredicted and engage …

Consistent evidence from human data points to successful threat–safety discrimination and
responsiveness to extinction of fear memories as key characteristics of resilient individuals …

The lateral habenula (LHb) is a key brain region implicated in the pathology of major
depressive disorder (MDD). Specifically, excitatory LHb neurons are known to be …

Anxiety-associated symptoms following acute stress usually become extinct gradually within
a period of time. However, the mechanisms underlying how individuals cope with stress to …

The orexin (hypocretin) system comprises two neuropeptides (orexin-A and orexin-B) and
two G-protein coupled receptors (the orexin type 1 and the orexin type 2 receptor). The …

Interneuron populations within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) orchestrate excitatory-
inhibitory balance, undergo experience-dependent plasticity, and gate-motivated behavior …

Stress management is necessary for vertebrate survival. Chronic stress drives depression by
excitation of the lateral habenula (LHb), which silences dopaminergic neurons in the ventral …

The limbic system plays a pivotal role in stress-induced anxiety and intestinal disorders, but
how the functional circuits between nuclei within the limbic system are engaged in the …

Abstract BTBR T+ Itpr3 tf/J (BTBR) mice display several behavioral characteristics, including
social deficits resembling the core symptoms of human autism. Atypical social behaviors …

Although bile acids play a notable role in depression, the pathological significance of the
bile acid TGR5 membrane-type receptor in this disorder remains elusive. Using depression …