Bronchodilators are central in the treatment of of airways disorders. They are the mainstay of
the current management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are critical in …

Bronchodilators are the cornerstone of pharmacological management of COPD. For patients
whose conditions are not sufficiently controlled by monotherapy, combining bronchodilators …

Background Limited data are available for the efficacy of triple therapy with two long-acting
bronchodilators and an inhaled corticosteroid in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease …

Abstract The Saudi Initiative for Asthma 2021 (SINA-2021) is the fifth version of asthma
guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma for adults and children, which is …

Despite the passionate debate over the use of β2‐adrenoceptor agonists in the treatment of
airway disorders, these agents are still central in the symptomatic management of asthma …

In the lungs, parasympathetic nerves provide the dominant control of airway smooth muscle
with release of acetylcholine onto M3 muscarinic receptors. Treatment of airway disease …

Nowadays there is solid clinical information for combining β 2-agonists and anti-muscarinic
agents, although the nature (additive or synergistic) of the net clinical result obtained by co …

This is the fourth version of the updated guidelines for the diagnosis and management of
asthma, developed by the Saudi Initiative for Asthma (SINA) group, a subsidiary of the Saudi …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive airflow
limitation and debilitating symptoms. For patients with moderate-to-severe COPD, long …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE β‐Adrenoceptors are expressed in human and
experimental animal breast cancer cells. However, the effect of the agonists and antagonists …