Properties of the circadian and annual timing systems are expected to vary systematically
with latitude on the basis of different annual light and temperature patterns at higher …

Understanding gene interaction and pleiotropy are long-standing goals of developmental
and evolutionary biology. We examine the genetic control of diapause in insects and show …

The daily rhythm of 24 h and the annual rhythm of 12 mo constitute the 2 major, highly
predictable rhythms of the biosphere. The internal circadian clock enables organisms to …

Diapause is a life history strategy allowing individuals to arrest development until favourable
conditions return, and it is commonly induced by shortened day length that is latitude …

Wyeomyia smithii, the pitcher-plant mosquito, has evolved from south to north and from low
to high elevations in eastern North America. Along this seasonal gradient, critical …

Working atypical schedules leads to temporal misalignments between a worker's rest‐
activity cycle and their endogenous circadian system. Several studies have reported …

This review examines possible role (s) of circadian 'clock'genes in insect photoperiodism
against a background of many decades of formal experimentation and model building. Since …

The copepod Calanus finmarchicus plays a crucial role in the north Atlantic food web. Its
seasonal life cycle involves reproduction and development in surface waters before …

Animals living at high latitudes are exposed to prominent seasonal changes to which they
need to adapt to survive. By applying Zeitgeber cycles of different periods and photoperiods …

The molecular basis of circadian clocks is highly evolutionarily conserved and has been
best characterized in Drosophila and mouse. Analysis of the Acyrthosiphon pisum genome …