Aggression is a social behavior essential for securing resources and defending oneself and
family. Thanks to its indispensable function in competition and thus survival, aggression …

Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronic, relapsing disease with a highly multifaceted
pathology that includes (but is not limited to) sensitivity to drug-associated cues, negative …

Psychedelics are a broad class of drugs defined by their ability to induce an altered state of
consciousness,. These drugs have been used for millennia in both spiritual and medicinal …

Critical features of human addiction are increasingly being incorporated into complementary
animal models, including escalation of drug intake, punished drug seeking and taking …

Advances in neuroscience identified addiction as a chronic brain disease with strong
genetic, neurodevelopmental, and sociocultural components. We here discuss the circuit …

The nucleus accumbens is a major input structure of the basal ganglia and integrates
information from cortical and limbic structures to mediate goal-directed behaviors. Chronic …

Allostasis, or stability through change, has most often been linked with challenges to
homeostasis, in which repeated challenges or stressors produce sufficient allostatic load to …

Experiential factors shape the neural circuits underlying social and emotional behavior from
the prenatal period to the end of life. These factors include both incidental influences, such …

Understanding the brain circuitry that underlies reward is critical to improve treatment for
many common health issues, including obesity, depression, and addiction. Here we focus …

Emotions are “feeling” states and classic physiological emotive responses that are
interpreted based on the history of the organism and the context. Motivation is a persistent …