Seasonal influenza viruses cause recurring global epidemics by continually evolving to
escape host immunity. The viral constraints and host immune responses that limit and drive …

There are at least 21 families of enveloped viruses that infect mammals, and many contain
members of high concern for global human health. All enveloped viruses have a dedicated …

Highly effective vaccines elicit specific, robust, and durable adaptive immune responses. To
advance informed vaccine design, it is critical that we understand the cellular dynamics …

Current yearly seasonal influenza vaccines primarily induce an antibody response directed
against the immunodominant but continually diversifying hemagglutinin (HA) head region …

Epidemiological control and public health monitoring during the outbreaks of infectious viral
diseases rely on the ability to detect viral pathogens. Here we demonstrate a rapid …

Influenza virus has resurfaced recently from inactivity during the early stages of the COVID-
19 pandemic, raising serious concerns about the nature and magnitude of future epidemics …

The vertebrate adaptive immune system modifies the genome of individual B cells to encode
antibodies that bind particular antigens. In most mammals, antibodies are composed of …

Highlights•Summary of the basic principles of structure-based vaccine design.•Review of
recent advances (the years 2019–2021) in structure-based vaccine design.•Preview of …

Abstract BCRs (Abs) and TCRs (or adaptive immune receptors [AIRs]) are the means by
which the adaptive immune system recognizes foreign and self-antigens, playing an integral …

Influenza viruses (IVs) threaten global human health due to the high morbidity, infection, and
mortality rates. Currently, the influenza drugs recommended by the FDA are oseltamivir …