The field of pharmacogenomics (PGx) is gradually shifting from the reactive testing of single
genes toward the proactive testing of multiple genes to improve treatment outcomes, reduce …

CYP2C9 is the most abundant CYP2C subfamily enzyme in human liver and the most
important contributor from this subfamily to drug metabolism. Polymorphisms resulting in …

Over the past decade, pharmacogenetic testing has emerged in clinical practice to guide
selected cardiovascular therapies. The most common implementation in practice is …

Interindividual variability in drug disposition is a major cause of lack of efficacy and adverse
effects of drug therapies. The majority of hepatically cleared drugs are metabolized by …

Importance Implementation of pharmacogenetic testing to guide drug prescribing has
potential to improve drug response and prevent adverse events. Robust data exist for more …

The goals of the Association for Molecular Pathology Pharmacogenomics (PGx) Working
Group of the Association for Molecular Pathology Clinical Practice Committee are to define …

Warfarin dosing remains challenging due to narrow therapeutic index and highly individual
variability. Incorrect warfarin dosing is associated with devastating adverse events …

The Pharmacogene Variation Consortium (PharmVar) catalogues star (*) allele
nomenclature for the polymorphic human CYP2C9 gene. Genetic variation within the …

Since the first polygenic risk score (PRS) in 2007, research in this area has progressed
significantly. The increasing number of SNPs that have been identified by large scale GWAS …

Aims Numerous algorithms have been developed to guide warfarin dosing and improve
clinical outcomes. We reviewed the algorithms available for various populations and the …