Polyploidy has been hypothesized to be both an evolutionary dead-end and a source for
evolutionary innovation and species diversification. Although polyploid organisms …

Polyploidy, or the duplication of entire genomes, has been observed in prokaryotic and
eukaryotic organisms, and in somatic and germ cells. The consequences of polyploidization …

Polyploidy is an evolutionary innovation for many animals and all flowering plants, but its
impact on selection and domestication remains elusive. Here we analyze genome evolution …

Ancient polyploidization events have had a lasting impact on vertebrate genome structure,
organization and function. Some key questions regarding the number of ancient …

Main conclusion This article provides an up-to-date review concerning from basic issues of
polyploidy to aspects regarding the relevance and role of both natural and artificial …

Domesticated food crops are derived from a phylogenetically diverse assemblage of wild
ancestors through artificial selection for different traits. Our understanding of domestication …

Background Biological invasions are a major ecological and socio-economic problem in
many parts of the world. Despite an explosion of research in recent decades, much remains …

Salinity is a consistent factor of crop productivity loss in the world and in particular arid and
semi-arid areas where the soil salinity and saline water are major problems. Plants employ …

The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) is the highest and one of the most extensive plateaus in
the world. Phylogenetic, phylogeographic, and ecological studies support plant …

Highlights•Post-polyploid diploidization (PPD) in angiosperms usually operates by
descending dysploidy.•PPD is acting with differing intensities and rates.•Multiple base …