This review is aimed at celebrating the upcoming 20th anniversary of the birth of human
functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). After the discovery in 1992 that the functional …

This review describes the diffusion model for light transport in tissues and the medical
applications of diffuse light. Diffuse optics is particularly useful for measurement of tissue …

Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) is based on the detection of single photons
of a periodic light signal, measurement of the detection time of the photons, and the build-up …

This article reviews diffuse optical brain imaging, a technique that employs near-infrared
light to non-invasively probe the brain for changes in parameters relating to brain function …

We review the current state-of-the-art of diffuse optical imaging, which is an emerging
technique for functional imaging of biological tissue. It involves generating images using …

Mucus is a complex hydrogel that acts as a natural barrier to drug delivery at different
mucosal surfaces including the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and vaginal tracts. To elucidate …

Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) is an ongoing medical imaging modality in which tissue is
illuminated by near-infrared light from an array of sources, the multiply-scattered light which …

This review celebrates the 30th anniversary of the first in vivo near-infrared (NIR)
spectroscopy (NIRS) publication, which was authored by Professor Frans Jöbsis. At first …

This is the second section of the review-tutorial paper describing fundamentals of tissue
optics and photonics. As the first section of the paper was mostly devoted to description of …

Frequency-domain photon migration (FDPM) is a noninvasive optical technique that utilizes
intensity-modulated, near-infrared (NIR) light to quantitatively measure optical properties in …