As the world endures the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the conditions of
35 million vulnerable individuals struggling with substance use disorders (SUDs) worldwide …

Adolescence is a developmental period when physical and cognitive abilities are optimized,
when social skills are consolidated, and when sexuality, adolescent behaviors, and frontal …

Alcohol consumption and stress increase brain levels of known innate immune signaling
molecules. Microglia, the innate immune cells of the brain, and neurons respond to alcohol …

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a widespread disease with limited treatment options.
Targeting the neuroimmune system is a new avenue for developing or repurposing effective …

Binge drinking, the most common form of alcohol consumption, is associated with increased
mortality and morbidity; yet, its biological consequences are poorly defined. Previous studies …

Aims Nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NFkB) is a ubiquitous
transcription factor well known for its role in the innate immune response. As such, NFkB is a …

Pathological substance use disorders represent a major public health crisis with limited
effective treatment options. While much work has been done to understand the neuronal …

Rationale Alcoholism is a primary, chronic relapsing disease of brain reward, motivation,
memory, and related circuitry. It is characterized by an individual's continued drinking …

BACKGROUND: Innate immune gene expression is regulated in part through high mobility
group box 1 (HMGB1), an endogenous proinflammatory cytokine, that activates multiple …

The innate immune response in the central nervous system (CNS) participates in both
synaptic plasticity and neural damage. Emerging evidence from human and animal studies …