Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by most eukaryotic cells and participate in
intercellular communication. The components of exosomes, including proteins, DNA, mRNA …

In the era of the rapid development of cancer immunotherapy, there is a high level of interest
in the application of cell-released small vesicles that stimulate the immune system. As cell …

Exosomes have a crucial role in intercellular communication and mediate interactions
between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Exosome-encapsulated …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized, natural, cell-derived vesicles that contain the
same nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids as their source cells. Thus, they can serve as natural …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized, membranous structures secreted into the
extracellular space. They exhibit diverse sizes, contents, and surface markers and are …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogamous lipid bilayer-enclosed membranous
structures secreted by cells. They are comprised of apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and …

Metabolic reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of cancer. As nutrients are scarce in the
tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor cells adopt multiple metabolic adaptations to meet …

Natural compounds are widely used to prevent and treat various diseases due to their
antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. As a kind of promising natural compound, plant …

Currently, particular interest among the scientific community is focused on exploring the use
of exosomes for several pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. This is due to the …

As nano-scale biological vesicles, extracellular vesicles (EVs)/exosomes, in particular,
exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-exosomes), have been studied in …