Highlights•Since 2015, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have become commercially
available.•Major infant formula manufacturers have introduced HMOs in their products.• …

Food additives and colorants are extensively used in the food industry to improve food
quality and safety during processing, storage and packing. Sourcing of these molecules is …

Abstract The trisaccharide, 2′-fucosyllactose (Fucα1-2Galβ1-4Glc; 2′-FL), is the most
abundant oligosaccharide in human milk. It has numerous significant biological properties …

Highlights•Recent advances for microbial HMO synthesis are described.•Key challenges in
representative HMO production are highlighted.•Further perspectives in general HMO …

Marine macroalgae have huge potential as feedstocks for production of a wide spectrum of
chemicals used in biofuels, biomaterials, and bioactive compounds. Harnessing macroalgae …

Fucosyllactose (2′-FL) is a kind of fucosylated lactose of human milk oligosaccharides
(HMOs). In this work, Escherichia coli MG1655 was metabolically engineered to increase …

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), a group of structurally diverse unconjugated glycans
in breast milk, act as important prebiotics and have plenty of unique health effects for …

Highlights•Transporter proteins are essential for substrate uptake, product export, and
intercompartmental metabolite exchange.•Transporter activity of a cell can be engineered to …

Food is essential to provide energy for human cellular metabolism, and is usually made from
plants or animals. Beside plants and animals, other important food sources are made by …

Background The most abundant human milk oligosaccharide in breast milk, 2′-
fucosyllactose (2′-FL), has been approved as an additive to infant formula due to its …