Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a hepatotropic virus that can establish a persistent and chronic
infection in humans through immune anergy. Currently, 3.5% of the global population is …

Programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, deliver inhibitory signals that
regulate the balance between T cell activation, tolerance, and immunopathology. Immune …

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one the leading risk factors for chronic hepatitis, liver
fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer (HCC), which are a major global health …

Much of the recent excitement in the translational field of tumor immunology and
immunotherapy has been generated by the recognition that immune checkpoint proteins can …

B7-H1 is a recently identified B7 family member that, along with one of its receptors,
programmed death-1 (PD-1), has been involved in multiple immunopathologic scenarios …

Blockade of the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)
immune checkpoint augments antitumor immunity and induces durable responses in …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Virus-specific T cells capable of controlling HBV and eliminating
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) expressing HBV antigens are deleted or dysfunctional in …

Interferon-α (IFNα) has one of the longest histories of use amongst cytokines in clinical
oncology and has been applied for the treatment of many types of cancers. Due to its …

About 250 million people worldwide are chronically infected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV),
contributing to a large burden on public health. Despite the existence of vaccines and …

Therapeutic vaccination is a potentially promising strategy to enhance T cell immunity and
viral control in chronically infected individuals. However, therapeutic vaccination …