Contents Summary I. Introduction II. Cold stress and physiological responses in plants III.
Sensing of cold signals in plants IV. Messenger molecules involved in cold signal …

Plants constantly monitor and cope with the fluctuating environment while hosting a diversity
of plant‐inhabiting microbes. The mode and outcome of plant–microbe interactions …

BACKGROUND Pathogens cause agricultural devastation and huge economic losses. Up to
30% of our crops are lost before or after harvest to pathogens and pests, wasting water and …

Plants have evolved an array of defenses against pathogens. However, mounting a defense
response frequently comes with the cost of a reduction in growth and reproduction, carrying …

The EDS1 family of structurally unique lipase-like proteins EDS1, SAG101, and PAD4
evolved in seed plants, on top of existing phytohormone and nucleotide-binding–leucine …

In plant cells, changes in fluidity of the plasma membrane may serve as the primary sensor
of cold stress; however, the precise mechanism and how the cell transduces and fine-tunes …

As sessile organisms, plants encounter a variety of environmental stresses and must
optimize their growth for survival. Abscisic acid (ABA) and cytokinin antagonistically regulate …

The plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) is involved in the cold stress response, and the
inducer of CBF expression 1 (ICE1)‐C‐repeat binding factor (CBF) regulatory cascade plays …

The phytohormone ethylene regulates multiple aspects of plant growth and development
and responses to environmental stress. However, the exact role of ethylene in freezing …

Light and temperature are major environmental factors that coordinately control plant growth
and survival. However, how plants integrate light and temperature signals to better adapt to …