Antiviral drugs have traditionally been developed by directly targeting essential viral
components. However, this strategy often fails due to the rapid generation of drug-resistant …

The global scale-up of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy (ART) has led to dramatic reductions in
HIV-1 mortality and incidence. However, HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) poses a potential …

The most significant advance in the medical management of HIV-1 infection has been the
treatment of patients with antiviral drugs, which can suppress HIV-1 replication to …

The HIV-1 envelope (Env) glycoproteins play an essential role in the virus replication cycle
by mediating the fusion between viral and cellular membranes during the entry process. The …

The efficacy of an antiretroviral (ARV) treatment regimen depends on the activity of the
regimen's individual ARV drugs and the number of HIV-1 mutations required for the …

Abstract HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env), which consists of trimeric (gp160) 3 cleaved to
(gp120 and gp41) 3, interacts with the primary receptor CD4 and a coreceptor (such as …

HIV-1 has evolved multiple mechanisms to elude immune control. The view of virus as
classifiable into distinct subtypes needs to reflect the reality of the constant emergence of …

The human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) enters target cells by binding its envelope
glycoprotein gp120 to the CD4 receptor and/or coreceptors such as CC chemokine receptor …

Miravirsen is a β-d-oxy-locked nucleic acid-modified phosphorothioate antisense
oligonucleotide targeting the liver-specific microRNA-122 (miR-122). Miravirsen …

Currently, HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are a major
component of the highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) regimen. However, the …