On Earth, humans are subjected to a gravitational force that has been an important
determinant in human evolution and function. During spaceflight, astronauts are subjected to …

All life forms have evolved under the constant force of gravity on Earth and developed ways
to counterbalance acceleration load. In space, shear forces, buoyance-driven convection …

Spirulina is the most studied cyanobacterium species for both pharmacological applications
and the food industry. The aim of the present review is to summarize the potential benefits of …

The direct (eg, radiation, microgravity) and indirect (eg, lifestyle perturbations) effects of
spaceflight extend across multiple systems resulting in whole-organism cardiovascular …

Exposure to the space environment induces a number of pathophysiological outcomes in
astronauts, including bone demineralization, sleep disorders, circadian clock dysregulation …

Biofabrication in space is one of the novel promising and prospective research directions in
the rapidly emerging field of space STEM. There are several advantages of biofabrication in …

The spaceflight environment, including microgravity and radiation, may have considerable
effects on the health and performance of astronauts, especially for long-duration and Martian …

Space travelers are exposed to microgravity (µ g), which induces enhanced bone loss
compared to the age-related bone loss on Earth. Microgravity promotes an increased bone …

Space agencies have announced plans for human missions to the Moon to prepare for
Mars. However, the space environment presents stressors that include radiation …

Astronauts exhibit several pathophysiological changes due to a variety of stressors related
to the space environment, including microgravity, space radiation, isolation, and …