Anabolic–androgenic steroids (AAS) are a class of hormones that are widely abused for
their muscle-building and strength-increasing properties in high, nontherapeutic, dosages …

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) include endogenously produced androgens like
testosterone and their synthetic derivatives. Their influence on multiple metabolic pathways …

Aims This study aims to explore the cardiovascular effects of long-term anabolic–androgenic
steroid (AAS) use in both current and former weightlifting AAS users and estimate the …

Premature deaths in bodybuilders regularly make headlines and are cited as evidence that
bodybuilding is a dangerous activity. A wealth of research has revealed elite athletes …

It is beyond dispute that androgen abuse is harmful and much of the short-term toxicity is
well documented. To prevent the long-term health hazards, there should be ample focus on …

Abstract Background and Objectives Quality of life (QoL) has never been assessed in
previous illicit users of androgens years following androgen cessation. Therefore, the …

Ostarine is the most popular compound in the selective androgen receptor modulator group
(SARMs). Ostarine is used as a physical performance-enhancing agent. The abuse of this …

Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are large groups of molecules structurally and
functionally similar to the male hormone testosterone. The use of AAS is well known and …

Background Image and performance enhancing drugs (IPEDs) are commonly used in
resistance trained (RT) individuals and negatively impact left ventricular (LV) structure and …

Background Supra-physiologic doses of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) lead to multiple
cardiovascular complications. The long-term clinical effect of AAS overuse on cardiac …