The endothelium is a single layer of epithelium covering the surface of the vascular system,
and it represents a physical barrier between the blood and vessel wall that plays an …

Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host
systemic inflammatory and immune response to infection. Over decades, advanced …

Causes of mortality from COVID‐19 include respiratory failure, heart failure, and
sepsis/multiorgan failure. TLR4 is an innate immune receptor on the cell surface that …

Microplastics (MPs) pollution is getting increasingly prominent, and its dangers have
attracted widespread attention. The heart is the central hub of the organism's survival, and …

Abstract NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) is a cytosolic innate immune
sensor of cellular stress signals, triggered by infection and sterile inflammation. Upon …

Pneumonia, such as acute lung injury (ALI), has been a type of lethal disease that is
generally caused by uncontrolled inflammatory response and excessive generation of …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with human aging.
Ten percent of individuals over 65 years have AD and its prevalence continues to rise with …

Inflammation has been implicated in atrial fibrillation (AF), a very common and clinically
significant cardiac rhythm disturbance, but its precise role remains poorly understood. Work …

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the development of heart failure. Oxidative
metabolism in mitochondria is the main energy source of the heart, and the inability to …

Background Neuroinflammation has an important role in the pathophysiology of migraine,
which is a complex neuro-glio-vascular disorder. The main aim of this review is to highlight …