Most cancer biologists still rely on conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture
techniques to test in vitro anti-tumor drugs prior to in vivo testing. However, the vast majority …

Cell culture is an important tool for biological research. Two-dimensional cell culture has
been used for some time now, but growing cells in flat layers on plastic surfaces does not …

Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems (Nano-DDSs) have emerged as possible solution to
the obstacles of anticancer drug delivery. However, the clinical outcomes and translation are …

New cancer drug approval rates are≤ 5% despite significant investments in cancer
research, drug discovery and development. One strategy to improve the rate of success of …

Simple Summary For the research and development of drug discovery, it is of prime
importance to construct the three-dimensional (3D) tissue models in vitro. To this end, the …

Cells, grown as monolayers (2D models), are routinely used as initial model systems for
evaluating the effectiveness and safety of libraries of molecules with potential as therapeutic …

Abstract Development and preclinical testing of new cancer therapies is limited by the
scarcity of in vivo models that authentically reproduce tumor growth and metastatic …

The clinical translations of drugs and nanomedicines depend on coherent pharmaceutical
research based on biologically accurate screening approaches. Since establishing the 2D in …

Background: The tumor three-dimensional (3D) spheroid model in vitro is effective on
detecting malignant cells and tumorigenesis, and assessing drug resistance. Compared with …

Efficient intracellular trafficking and targeted delivery to the site of action are essential to
overcome the current drawbacks of cancer therapeutics. Cell Penetrating Peptides (CPPs) …