Given that hypoxia is a persistent physiological feature of many different solid tumors and a
key driver for cancer malignancy, it is thought to be a major target in cancer treatment …

Nonsense-mediated RNA decay (NMD) is a highly conserved RNA turnover pathway that
selectively degrades RNAs harbouring truncating mutations that prematurely terminate …

Three-dimensional cell cultures using patient-derived stem cells are essential in vitro
models for a more efficient and individualized cancer therapy. Currently, culture conditions …

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular biological process involved in
migration of primary cancer cells to secondary sites facilitating metastasis. Besides, EMT …

Intratumoral heterogeneity is a major ongoing challenge in the effective therapeutic targeting
of cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that a fraction of cells within a tumor termed …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. The initial stage
of CVDs is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, defined as the limited bioavailability of …

There are several interactions within the tumor microenvironment (TME) that affect the
response of cancer cells to therapy. There are also a large number of cells and secretions in …

During hypoxic conditions, cells undergo critical adaptive responses that include the up-
regulation of hypoxia-inducible proteins (HIFs) and the induction of the unfolded protein …

Unlike solid organs, human airway epithelia derive their oxygen from inspired air rather than
the vasculature. Many pulmonary diseases are associated with intraluminal airway …

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) plasticity and diversity are both essential hallmarks
of the monocyte-macrophage lineage and the tumor-derived inflammation. TAM exemplify …