A major challenge to evolutionary biologists is to understand how biodiversity is distributed
through space and time and across the tree of life. Diversification of organisms is influenced …

Draft genome sequences of five Calonectria species [including Calonectria aciculata, C.
crousiana, C. fujianensis, C. honghensis and C. pseudoturangicola], Celoporthe dispersa …

Parmelia Acharius is one of the most representative genera within Parmeliaceae family
which is the largest and the most widespread family of lichen-forming fungi. Parmelia lichens …

Biological processes such as hybridization, incomplete lineage sorting and gene flow can
obscure the recognition of distinct evolutionary lineages, particularly in groups of organisms …

Specimens of the lichen genus Usnea from the southern part of Far East Russia were
examined. As the result of our modern taxonomic studies, following 19 species were …

To test the taxonomic significance of secondary chemistry (particularly lobaric acid and fatty
acids) and pruina in Parmelia ernstiae, P. saxatilis, P. serrana, P. submontana and P …

Fungi represent one of the three major crown lineages of eukaryotes, besides plants and
animals. For their nutrition, fungi either decompose organic material or form symbiotic …

Comparable taxonomic ranks within clades can facilitate more consistent classifications and
objective comparisons among taxa. Here we use a temporal approach to identify taxonomic …

Plants form beneficial symbioses with a variety of different microbes. Among these, the root
associated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, ectomycorrhizal fungi, rhizobial, and …

Mutualistic symbioses have contributed to major transitions in the evolution of life. Here, we
investigate the evolutionary history and the molecular innovations at the origin of lichens …