Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Metastasis is the
leading cause of high mortality in most cancers. Although predicting the early stage of breast …

Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. In the early stages, melanoma can be treated
successfully with surgery alone and survival rates are high, but after metastasis survival …

Upon stimulation, small numbers of naive CD8+ T cells proliferate and differentiate into a
variety of memory and effector cell types. CD8+ T cells can persist for years and kill tumour …

One-carbon metabolism involving the folate and methionine cycles integrates nutritional
status from amino acids, glucose and vitamins, and generates diverse outputs, such as the …

Impressive responses have been observed in patients treated with checkpoint inhibitory anti–
programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) or anti–cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA …

Tissue injury disrupts the mechanical homeostasis that underlies normal tissue architecture
and function. The failure to resolve injury and restore homeostasis gives rise to progressive …

Kanwal R, Gupta S. Epigenetic modifications in cancer. Cancer initiation and progression is
controlled by both genetic and epigenetic events. The complexity of carcinogenesis cannot …

The cytosine analogues 5‐azacytosine (azacytidine) and 2′‐deoxy‐5‐azacytidine
(decitabine) are the currently most advanced drugs for epigenetic cancer therapies. These …

EZH2 is the catalytic subunit of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which is a highly
conserved histone methyltransferase that targets lysine-27 of histone H3. This methylated …

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) is a sulfonium molecule with a structural hybrid of
methionine and adenosine. As the second largest cofactor in the human body, its major …