Over the past 10 years, cancer immunotherapy has made significant progress in multiple
cancer types and has been gradually been applied to clinical cancer care, in which the …

Chemotherapeutic and cytotoxic drugs are widely used in the treatment of cancer. In spite of
the improvements in the life quality of patients, their effectiveness is compromised by several …

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family consists of four members that belong to
the ErbB lineage of proteins (ErbB1–4). These receptors consist of an extracellular domain …

Squamous-cell cancer of the head and neck (SCCHN) represents a heterogeneous disease
entity, with various etiological factors implicated in the genesis of distinct molecular subsets …

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are cell surface receptors that bind growth factor ligands
and initiate cellular signaling. Of the 20 classes of RTKs, 7 classes, IV, VIII, and X, are linked …

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common malignant tumor in Southern China and
South-East Asia. Regardless of initiative high response to radiotherapy, parts of patients still …

Abstract “Warburg effect”, the enhanced glycolysis or aerobic glycolysis, confers cancer cells
the ability to survive and proliferate even under stressed conditions. In this study, we …

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a fatal malignancy with an overall long-term survival of
about 50% for all stages. The diagnosis is not rarely delayed, and the majority of patients …

Background The molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of oral
squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are relatively poorly understood and remain a subject of …

Tumor angiogenesis is a hallmark of advanced cancers and promotes invasion and
metastasis. Over 90% of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) express …