The delivery of many potentially therapeutic and diagnostic compounds to specific areas of
the brain is restricted by brain barriers, of which the most well known are the blood–brain …

The strength of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in providing protection to the central nervous
system from exposure to circulating chemicals is maintained by tight junctions between …

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are important selective elements of the blood–
brain barrier. They line the luminal plasma membrane of the brain capillary endothelium …

The drug efflux transporters ABCB1 and ABCG2 at the blood-brain barrier limit the delivery
of drugs into the brain. Strategies to overcome ABCB1/ABCG2 have been largely …

Brain cancer is a devastating disease. Despite extensive research, treatment of brain tumors
has been largely ineffective and the diagnosis of brain cancer remains uniformly fatal …

As a physiological small molecular product from the microbial fermentation of dietary fibers,
butyrate plays an important role in maintaining intestinal health. Our previous works have …

The brain capillary endothelial cells that constitute the blood–brain barrier express multiple
ABC transport proteins on the luminal, blood-facing, plasma membrane. These transporters …

ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters at the blood–brain barrier function as ATP‐driven
xenobiotic efflux pumps and limit delivery of small molecule drugs to the brain. Here I review …

Background: Opioids are widely used in pain management, acting via opioid receptors
and/or Toll-like receptors (TLR) present at the central nervous system (CNS). At the blood …

P-glycoprotein, an ATP-driven drug efflux pump, is a major obstacle to the delivery of small-
molecule drugs across the blood-brain barrier and into the CNS. Here we test a unique …