Objective To assess currently available evidence on adrenal incidentaloma and provide
recommendations for clinical practice. Design A panel of experts (appointed by the Italian …

Great strides have been made in our understanding of the pathophysiology of primary
aldosteronism syndrome since Conn's description of the clinical presentation of a patient …

Background Experimental and human studies demonstrate that long-term exposure to
elevated aldosterone levels results in cardiac and vascular damage. Methods We …

ContextExperimental animal studies indicate that exposure to increased aldosterone levels
might result in renal damage, but the clinical evidence supporting this role of aldosterone is …

Exposure to excess aldosterone results in cardiac damage in hypertensive states. We
evaluated the long-term cardiac structural and functional evolution in patients with primary …

In the 60 years that have passed since the discovery of the mineralocorticoid hormone
aldosterone, much has been learned about its synthesis (both adrenal and extra-adrenal) …

Although the aldosterone/renin ratio (ARR) is the most reliable screening test for primary
aldosteronism, false positives and negatives occur. Dietary salt restriction, concomitant …

Context: The relationship between aldosterone and glucose metabolism is poorly
understood, and there is substantial disparity among findings of studies that have examined …

Primary aldosteronism is caused by bilateral idiopathic hyperplasia in approximately two-
thirds of cases and aldosterone-producing adenoma in one-third. Most patients with primary …

Background: Measurement of plasma renin is important for the clinical assessment of
hypertensive patients. The most common methods for measuring plasma renin are the …