Bone is a dynamic organ maintained by tightly regulated mechanisms. With old age, bone
homeostasis, which is maintained by an intricate balance between bone formation and bone …

During ageing, the secretory patterns of the hormones produced by the hypothalamic–
pituitary axis change, as does the sensitivity of the axis to negative feedback by end …

Cellular senescence is a fundamental mechanism by which cells remain metabolically
active yet cease dividing and undergo distinct phenotypic alterations, including upregulation …

Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread environmental contaminant that causes severe bone
metabolism disease, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and osteomalacia. The present …

Mesenchymal (stromal) stem cells (MSCs) constitute populations of mesodermal multipotent
cells involved in tissue regeneration and homeostasis in many different organs. Here we …

Background. Growth hormone (GH) and insulin‐like growth factor (IGF‐1) are fundamental
in skeletal growth during puberty and bone health throughout life. GH increases tissue …

Cellular senescence is an established cellular stress response that acts primarily to prevent
the proliferation of cells that experience potentially oncogenic stress. In recent years, it has …

The goal of this magnetic resonance (MR) imaging study was to quantify vertebral bone
marrow fat content and composition in diabetic and nondiabetic postmenopausal women …

Osteoporosis is an important age-related bone disease characterized by increased bone
turnover with insufficient bone formation relative to bone resorption. According to the current …

Tissue Engineering, Third Edition provides a completely revised release with sections
focusing on Fundamentals of Tissue Engineering and Tissue Engineering of Selected …