Stress is ubiquitous and disrupts homeostasis, leading to damage, decreased fitness, and
even death. Like other organisms, mycorrhizal fungi evolved mechanisms for stress …

Uptake, translocation, detoxification, and sequestration of heavy metals (HMs) are key
processes in plants to deal with excess amounts of HM. Under natural conditions, plant roots …

Among heavy metal plants (the metallophytes), facultative species can live both in soils
contaminated by an excess of heavy metals and in non-affected sites. In contrast, obligate …

Cadmium (Cd) displays strong toxicity, high mobility, and cannot be degraded, which poses
a serious threat to the environment. Cenococcum geophilum (C. geophilum) is one of the …

In natural environments, tree roots are almost always in intimate, symbiotic association with
particular species of fungi through the formation of mycorrhizae. Most mycorrhizal fungi …

Rhizobia, which enter into symbiosis with legumes, can also interact with non-legumes and
promote plant growth. In this paper, we explored the effects of nickel (Ni, 200 µM) on …

This study aims to evaluate the tolerance of endophytic fungi isolated from the fibrous roots
of Polygonatum kingianum to arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) and their physiological …

The success of Ericaceae in stressful habitats enriched in heavy metals has been ascribed
to the distinctive abilities of their mycorrhizal fungal partners to withstand heavy metal stress …

Lead (Pb) is a hazardous heavy metal that accumulates in many environments.
Phytoremediation of Pb polluted soil is an environmentally friendly method, and a better …

Brown algae are an important taxonomic group in coastal ecosystems. The model brown
algal species Ectocarpus siliculosus and Saccharina japonica are closely related lineages …