During aging the immune system (IS) undergoes remarkable changes that collectively are
known as immunosenescence. It is a multifactorial and dynamic phenomenon that affects …

The inflammaging concept was introduced in 2000 by Prof. Franceschi. This was an
evolutionary or rather a revolutionary conceptualization of the immune changes in response …

Background Old age is characterized by a peculiar low-grade, chronic, and “sterile”
inflammatory state, which has been termed “inflammaging.” This is believed to substantially …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with human aging.
Ten percent of individuals over 65 years have AD and its prevalence continues to rise with …

Cellular senescence and aging result in a reduced ability to manage persistent types of
inflammation. Thus, the chronic low-level inflammation associated with aging phenotype is …

The human body harbors a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms, including bacteria,
viruses, and fungi, collectively known as the microbiota. Current research is increasingly …

The current paradigm of urinary tract infection (UTI) pathogenesis takes into account the
contamination of the periurethral space by specific uropathogens residing in the gut, which …

Advancing age is accompanied by changes in the gut microbiota characterised by a loss of
beneficial commensal microbes that is driven by intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as diet …

We propose in this review that hormesis, a concept profoundly and systematically addressed
by Mark Mattson, has to be considered a sort of comprehensive “contact point” capable of …

Oxidative stress (OS) is primarily caused by the formation of free radicals and reactive
oxygen species; it is considered as one of the prominent factors in slowing down and …