Despite advances in a diversity of environments, snake robots are still far behind snakes in
traversing complex 3-D terrain with large obstacles. This is due to a lack of understanding of …

Even after 200 years of study, some details of the cranial anatomy of ichthyosaurs, one of the
most successful groups of marine vertebrates in the Mesozoic, are still unclear. New …

This article will focus on specifics of performing the neurologic examination and
neurodiagnostic testing in reptiles, and how these examinations differ from those performed …

This chapter is an overview of analgesia across vertebrates and invertebrates. It discusses a
physiology of pain that can be classified anatomically as somatic or visceral pain, or …

Boat strikes have been widely documented as a major cause of anthropogenic trauma and
mortality in sea turtles. Axial trauma in these species involves the head and/or carapace and …

A 5-year-old female red-tailed boa (Boa constrictor imperator) was presented for abnormal
neurologic behavior. Ultrasound examination revealed an enlarged liver, with rounded …

A wide array of vertebrate species is found in zoos and aquariums. Despite a tremendous
range of morphological appearances, the general body plan of vertebrate species is fairly …

Abstract Twelve Australian water dragons (Intellagama lesueurii) presented with acute
neurologic dysfunction over a 2-month period. Clinical signs included obtundation, head tilt …

An enriched environment for reptiles under captive management isn't just a tank with some
extra objects in it. To really enrich the lives of our reptiles, we need to be creative and …

The wide variety of lifestyle, digestive tract, and physiologic adaptations that exist across
taxa result in an expansive array of nutritional needs and sensitivities, which can result in …