Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and life‐threating inflammatory disease of
gastroenteric tissue characterized by episodes of intestinal inflammation. The pathogenesis …

The gastrointestinal tract is a specialized organ in which dynamic interactions between host
cells and the complex environment occur in addition to food digestion. Together with the …

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, collectively known as inflammatory bowel disease,
are characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Inflammatory bowel …

Inflammation usually results in high‐level reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive
nitrogen species (RNS) not only in acidic tissue but also in alkaline tissue. However …

The CB 2 receptor is the peripheral receptor for cannabinoids. It is mainly expressed in
immune tissues, highlighting the possibility that the endocannabinoid system has an …

MT1 has been demonstrated to be an essential stress protein in maintaining physiological
balance and regulating immune homeostasis. While the immunological involvement of MT1 …

NLRP3, a member of nucleotide-binding domain-(NOD) like receptor family, can be found in
large varieties of immune and non-immune cells. Upon activation, the NLRP3, apoptosis …

Vedolizumab is a novel therapeutic monoclonal antibody recently approved for the treatment
of moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in adults who have …

Background & Aims Many patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have ongoing
bowel symptoms of diarrhea or abdominal pain despite mucosal healing. We investigated …

Sulfur is both crucial to life and a potential threat to health. While colonic sulfur metabolism
mediated by eukaryotic cells is relatively well studied, much less is known about sulfur …