Background & Aims: Interleukin (IL)-21, a T-cell–derived cytokine, is produced in excess in
inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) is expressed by immune …

Phagocyte‐derived S100 proteins are endogenous activators of innate immune responses.
S100A12 binds to the receptor for advanced glycation end‐products, while complexes of …

The global rise in the incidence of autoimmune diseases has paralleled the widespread use
of antibiotics. Recently, the gut microbiome has been shown to be key in the development …

Inflammatory markers are highly amenable to appraise and adjust and could already serve
as a diagnostic indicator and also as a predictor of prognosis over the management of many …

AIM: To evaluate fecal calprotectin (FC) as a surrogate marker of treatment outcome of
relapse of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and, to compare FC with fecal …

Background Diet is thought to have an important role in the immunopathogenesis and
treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Aim To identify dietary constituents as risk …

Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) are nowadays the principal cause of death,
especially in most industrialized nations. These illnesses have increased exponentially with …

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic, relapsing inflammatory disorders of the GI
tract. In both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, leukocytic infiltration of the mucosa is …

Several studies have been carried out in the last 30 years in the attempt to clarify the
possible role of glutamate as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator in the gastrointestinal tract …

Modulation of intestinal microbiota by non-digestible carbohydrates may reduce
inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the present study was to …