Inactivated and live attenuated vaccines have improved human life and significantly reduced
morbidity and mortality of several human infectious diseases. However, these vaccines have …

The environmental conditions generated by war and characterized by poverty,
undernutrition, stress, difficult access to safe water and food as well as lack of environmental …

Negative-stranded RNA viruses (NSVs) are important human pathogens, including
emerging and reemerging viruses that cause respiratory, hemorrhagic and other severe …

Immunosenescence refers to age-related alterations in immune system function affecting
both the humoral and cellular arm of immunity. Understanding immunosenescence and its …

Highlights•Vaccine development during the COVID-19 pandemic lacked thorough insight of
CoPs.•CoPs must go beyond simple quantitative antibody blocking.•Interplay between …

According to etymology, the word immune derives from the Latin immunis, which means
exempt from public service, untaxed; unburdened. By extension, the term immunity means …

Mumps is an acute infectious disease that spreads widely around the world. The aim of this
study was to investigate the epidemiological features and sociodemographic factors …

Healthcare workers are considered at higher risk for mumps infection than the general
population. Since 2017, the national immunization plan recommended the administration of …

The mumps virus (MuV) causes a highly contagious human disease characterized by
swelling of the parotid glands. Although the administration of an attenuated Jeryl Lynn (JL) …

In the past two decades, the world has witnessed devastating pandemics affecting the global
healthcare infrastructure and disrupting society and the economy worldwide. Among all …