Rapid industrialization, increased waste production and surge in agricultural activities,
mining, contaminated irrigation water and industrial effluents contribute to the contamination …

Background Since the inception of global industrialization, steroidal estrogens have become
an emerging and serious concern. Worldwide, steroid estrogens including estrone, estradiol …

Mine tailings are detrimental to natural plant growth due to their physicochemical
characteristics, such as high pH, high salinity, low water retention capacity, high heavy metal …

Scattered literature is harnessed to critically review the possible sources, chemistry,
potential biohazards and best available remedial strategies for a number of heavy metals …

Hyperaccumulators concentrate trace metals and heavy metals in their shoots when grown
in metal-contaminated soils and these trace metal-loaded plants may be removed by …

The contamination of the environment with toxic metals has become a worldwide problem.
Metal toxicity affects crop yields, soil biomass and fertility. Soils polluted with heavy metals …

Mining of mineral resources results in extensive soil damage, altering microbial communities
and affecting vegetation leading to destruction of vast amounts of land. Reclamation is the …

Pollution of plants by heavy metals is a critical health issue because metals can be
transmitted to animals and humans. Heavy metal exposure induces an oxidative stress in …

The use of higher plants to remediate contaminated land is known as phytoremediation, a
term coined 15 years ago. Among green technologies addressed to metal pollution …

Phytoremediation is a green emerging technology used to remove pollutants from
environment components. Mechanisms used to remediate soils contaminated by heavy …