The Mediterranean offers a unique opportunity to study the driving forces of tectonic
deformation within a complex mobile belt. Lithospheric dynamics are affected by slab …

Plate tectonics constitutes our primary framework for understanding how the Earth works
over geological timescales. High‐resolution mapping of relative plate motions based on …

Basalts and mantle peridotites of mid-ocean ridges are thought to sample Earth's upper
mantle. Osmium isotopes of abyssal peridotites uniquely preserve melt extraction events …

The East African Rift (EAR) is a type locale for investigating the processes that drive
continental rifting and breakup. The current kinematics of this~ 5000 km long divergent plate …

When Harry Hess first proposed the theory of seafloor spreading, he imagined that mantle
peridotite upwelling at midocean ridges reacted with water to form a serpentinite oceanic …

Observations of seismic anisotropy yield some of the most direct constraints available on
both past and present-day deformation in the Earth's mantle. Insight into the character of …

We develop a global‐scale P wave velocity model (LLNL‐G3Dv3) designed to accurately
predict seismic travel times at regional and teleseismic distances simultaneously. The model …

The Earth can be viewed as a massive heat engine, with various energy sources and sinks.
Insights into its evolution can be obtained by quantifying the various energy contributions in …

The lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary (LAB) is a first-order structural discontinuity that
accommodates differential motion between tectonic plates and the underlying mantle …

We present a tomographic model of radially anisotropic shear velocity variations in the
Earth's mantle based on a new compilation of previously published data sets and a variable …