For new mothers, coping with infant distress is challenging. Mothers' self-efficacy in emotion-
related parenting plays critical roles in shaping their adaptation and children's development …

As fathering research has flourished, a growing body of studies has focused on behavioral
and neurobiological mechanisms, respectively associated with caregiving sensitivity and …

In a randomized double-blind within-subject control study we investigated the effects of
oxytocin and vasopressin administration on neural reactivity to infant cry sounds in 70 first …

Functional imaging studies and clinical evidence indicate that cortical areas relevant to
social cognition are closely integrated with evolutionarily conserved basal forebrain …

Synaptic overproduction and elimination is a regular developmental event in the mammalian
brain. In the cerebral cortex, synaptic overproduction is almost exclusively correlated with …

Since the traditional family structure (ie, a mother, a father, and children) does not reflect the
composition of families in contemporary society anymore, research has gradually expanded …

Previous studies have demonstrated that paternal caregiving behaviors are reliant on neural
pathways similar to those supporting maternal care. Interestingly, a greater variability exists …

Recent research suggests that early physical touch provided by caregivers may play a
critical role in cognitive and affective development. The discovery of the C-tactile fibers …

Parental care strategies, ranging from biparental to uniparental, evolve based on factors
affecting sexual conflict over care. Plasticity in how parents respond to reduction in each …

Human parenting is a fundamental educational context including complex caregiving tasks
finalized to nurture and protect young children [1]. Parenting is seen as comprising a set of …