The major clinical outcomes measured in evaluating the responses to pharmacotherapy in
patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include the severity of dyspnea …

Background: Use of a long-acting inhaled bronchodilator, either an anticholinergic or a β-
adrenergic receptor agonist (β-agonist), is recommended for maintenance treatment of …

CHEST| Volume 129| Number 4| April 2006 www. chestjournal. org CHEST/129/4/APRIL,
2006 833 not overcome the costs of testing and treating, and the drug side-effects. 10 …

The presence of comorbid cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) can result in unfavorable outcomes, ranging from deterioration …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a substantial health burden.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death, frequently coexists with COPD …

The common coexistence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and
cardiovascular disease (CVD) presents several therapeutic constraints that have not been …

For patients whose asthma is not adequately controlled with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)
therapy alone, increasing the dose of ICS or the addition of a long-acting β2-agonist is …

The two inhaled long-acting β 2-adrenoceptor agonists, salmeterol and formoterol, have
been studied extensively since their introduction in the early 1990s. In this review we …

This study is a case-control study looking to identify factors associated with frequent use of
hospital services (emergency care and admissions) in COPD patients. Data from 64 patients …

Pharmacological modulation of β-adrenoceptor function is one of the critical issues in the
treatment of patients with concurrent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and …