Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are two idiopathic inflammatory bowel disorders. In
this paper we discuss the current diagnostic approach, their pathology, natural course, and …

Two broad hypotheses have arisen regarding the fundamental nature of the pathogenesis of
inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs, which include ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease). The …

Traditionally, Crohn's disease has been associated with a Th1 cytokine profile, while Th2
cytokines are modulators of ulcerative colitis. This concept has been challenged by the …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative
colitis (UC), represents a group of chronic disorders characterized by inflammation of the …

Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of gluten
in genetically susceptible individuals. It is one of the most common lifelong disorders on a …

LRRK2 was previously identified as a defective gene in Parkinson's disease, and it is also
located in a risk region for Crohn's disease. In this study, we aim to determine whether …

Cytokines are small, non-structural proteins with low molecular weights which have a
complex regulatory influence on inflammation and immunity. It has long been considered …

Interferons (IFN) are subdivided into type I IFN (IFN-I, here synonymous with IFN-α/β), type II
(IFN-γ) and type III IFN (IFN-III/IFN-λ) that reprogram nuclear gene expression through …

Infiltration of the lamina propria by inflammatory CD4+ T-cell populations is a key
characteristic of chronic intestinal inflammation. Memory-phenotype CD4+ T-cell frequencies …

Interferon gamma (IFN‐γ), a pleotropic cytokine, has been shown to be important to the
function of virtually all immune cells and both innate and adaptive immune responses. In …