Background Recently, the hallmarks of aging were updated to include dysbiosis, disabled
macroautophagy, and chronic inflammation. In particular, the low-grade chronic …

Endothelial cells (ECs) form the inner linings of blood vessels, and are directly exposed to
endogenous hazard signals and metabolites in the circulatory system. The senescence and …

Abstract Sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7), as a family of NAD+-dependent protein modifying enzymes,
have various catalytic functions, such as deacetylases, dealkalylases, and deribonucleases …

Fibrosis is a typical aging-related pathological process involving almost all organs, including
the heart, kidney, liver, lung, and skin. Fibrogenesis is a highly orchestrated process defined …

Corticosteroids act on the glucocorticoid receptor (GR; NR3C1) to resolve inflammation and
are routinely prescribed to breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment to …

Stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability globally, with ischemic stroke (IS)
accounting for over 80% of all stroke cases. The pathological process of IS involves …

Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) develop asymptomatically and are characterized by
dilatation of the aorta. This is considered a life-threating vascular disease due to the risk of …

Cardiovascular diseases are severe diseases posing threat to human health because of
their high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The incidence of diabetes mellitus is also …

The vital pathological processes in intimal hyperplasia include aberrant vascular smooth
muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation, migration, and phenotypic switching. Rosmarinic acid …

Sirtuins, in mammals, are a group of seven enzymes (SIRT1–SIRT7) involved in the post-
translational modification of proteins—they are considered longevity proteins. SIRT6 …