Muscle fibres have different properties with respect to force, contraction speed, endurance,
oxidative/glycolytic capacity etc. Although adult muscle fibres are normally post‐mitotic with …

This review focuses on the anabolic effects of IGF-1 signaling on the skeleton, emphasizing
the requirement for IGF-1 signaling in normal bone formation and remodeling. We first …

Increasing the mechanical load on skeletal muscle results in increased expression of insulin‐
like growth factor I (IGF‐I), which is thought to be a critical step in the induction of muscle …

Currently, the repertoire of cellular and molecular pathways that control skeletal muscle
atrophy and hypertrophy are not well defined. It is possible that intracellular regulatory …

Here, we characterise new strains of normal and dystrophic (mdx) mice that overexpress
Class 2 IGF-1 Ea in skeletal myofibres. We show that transgenic mice have increased …

Background Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is an anabolic hormone that is known to
induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy. However, the signaling pathways mediating IGF-I's …

Ras and Akt are signaling proteins that mediate fundamental aspects of normal growth and
development in many organisms. When the Ras and Akt pathways become overly active …

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a peptide with diverse functions, among them regulation
of embryonic development and bone homeostasis. Serum IGF-I levels decline in the elderly; …

The detection of IGF-IR signaling in animal models has important implications for
determining the role of this receptor in normal physiology and tumor growth. While many …

The obstacles to gene therapy approaches in the treatment of Duchenne muscular
dystrophy (DMD), as outlined in several chapters in this book (see Chapters 17–19), have …