Objectives Water immersion during labour using a birth pool to achieve relaxation and pain
relief during the first and possibly part of the second stage of labour is an increasingly …

Fetal well-being is commonly assessed by monitoring the fetal heart rate (fHR). In clinical
practice, the de facto standard technology for fHR monitoring is based on the Doppler …

This classic book, first published in 1992 and again in 2003, has inspired three generations
of childbearing people, birth activists and researchers, and birth practitioners—midwives …

Aims and objectives To compare and rank the efficacy and safety of non‐pharmacological
interventions in the management of labour pain. Background Recently, various non …

Aims The terminology of obstetric pelvic floor disorders should be defined and reported as
part of a wider clinically oriented consensus. Methods This Report combines the input of …

A patient's sense of empowerment and control is most predictive of maternal satisfaction with
childbirth. Analgesia during labor greatly affects this experience. Individual patient priorities …

A key goal of managing HIV in pregnancy and postpartum is to optimise a woman's own
health. Furthermore, one of the major successes in the management of individuals living …

Background Many women would like to avoid pharmacological or invasive methods of pain
management in labour and this may contribute towards the popularity of complementary …

Background Women's experience of pain during labor varies greatly, and pain control is a
major concern for obstetricians. Several methods have been studied for pain management …

Background Waterbirth is widely available in English maternity settings for women who are
not at increased risk of complications during labour. Immersion in water during labour is …