Background Heart failure (HF) therapy involves use of multiple medications. There is little
guidance on the safety and impact on clinical outcomes of stopping HF medications …

Advances in the treatment of heart failure with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
have been accompanied by an improved understanding of the pathophysiology of heart …

Digitalis-like compounds (DLCs) such as digoxin, digitoxin, and ouabain, also known as
cardiac glycosides, are among the oldest pharmacological treatments for heart failure. The …

The use of digitalis in congestive heart failure with normal sinus rhythm is still debated.
While older uncontrolled, withdrawal studies from 1969 to 1983 provided incomplete data …

OPC-8212 is a newly synthesized, orally effective inotropic agent. Previous studies have
shown short-term hemodynamic and symptomatic improvement in patients with congestive …

Depression of myocardial contractility plays an important role in the development of heart
failure; therefore, intensive interest and passion have been generated to develop cardiotonic …

Sepsis is a life-threatening disease characterized by acute multiple organ dysfunction and
immunosuppression that is also called as immunoparalysis. Increasing evidence suggests …

The effect on heart rate variability of adding digoxin to a diuretic and ACE inhibitor was
studied in patients with chronic stable cardiac failure. Digoxin was found to increase heart …

The therapeutic efficacy of cardiac glycosides is not widely appreciated either in respect of
their positive inotropic value or antiarrhythmic activity. Although cardiac glycosides do not …

The factors that contribute to the symptoms of breathlessness and fatigue, and that limit
exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure are poorly understood. Recent …