It is well known that astrocytes play a significant metabolic role in the nervous tissue,
maintaining the homeostasis of the extracellular space and of the blood-brain barrier, and …

Abstract Istradefylline (KW-6002), an adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, is used adjunct
with optimal doses of L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) to extend on-time in …

Essential tremor (ET) is one of the most common neurological disorders that often affects
people in the prime of their lives, leading to a significant reduction in their quality of life …

Adenosine A2A receptor antagonists are psychomotor stimulants that also hold therapeutic
promise for movement disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying their …

There is evidence that adenosine acting at A2A receptors (A2AR) can influence striatal
plasticity and cognitive functions. We examined spatial working memory in wild-type (WT) …

A large number of signaling abnormalities have been implicated in the emergence and
expression of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). The primary cause for many of these …

Background Adolescent and adult rats emit 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) to
communicate the appetitive arousal and the presence of positive emotional states to …

A significant proportion of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) receiving dopamine
replacement therapy in the form of levodopa develop dyskinesia that becomes a major …

In this study, the functional role of individual striatal receptors for adenosine (A2 AR),
dopamine (D2R), and the metabotropic glutamate receptor mG lu5R in regulating rat basal …

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are heterogeneous disorders presenting with increased
rates of anxiety. The adenosine A 2A receptor gene (ADORA2A) is associated with panic …