4004 ESC Guidelines label use of medication should be limited to situations where it is in
the patient's interest to do so, with regard to the quality, safety, and efficacy of care, and only …

• The specific situation of the patient. Unless otherwise provided for by national regulations,
off-label use of medication should be limited to situations where it is in the patient's interest …

Abstract Document Reviewers: Rudolf A. de Boer (CPG Review Coordinator)(Netherlands),
P. Christian Schulze (CPG Review Coordinator)(Germany), Magdy Abdelhamid (Egypt) …

The aim of this ESC Guideline is to help health professionals manage people with heart
failure (HF) according to the best available evidence. Fortunately, we now have a wealth of …

Inflammatory cardiomyopathy, characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration into the
myocardium and a high risk of deteriorating cardiac function, has a heterogeneous …

or therapeutic medical strategies. However, the ESC Guidelines do not override in any way
whatsoever the individual responsibility of health professionals to make appropriate and …

Myocardial diseases are associated with an increased risk of potentially fatal cardiac
arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death/cardiac arrest during exercise, including hypertrophic …

Nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) often has a genetic pathogenesis. Because of
the large number of genes and alleles attributed to DCM, comprehensive genetic testing …

This paper is dedicated to the memory of our friends recently passed away, Drs Guy
Fontaine, Andrea Nava, and Nikos Protonotarios, who played a pioneering role in the …

Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of heart muscle diseases and an important
cause of heart failure (HF). Current knowledge on incidence, pathophysiology and natural …