Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a specialized ecosystem of host components, designed
by tumor cells for successful development and metastasis of tumor. With the advent of 3D …

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineering of T cells has revolutionized the field of
cellular therapy for the treatment of cancer. Despite this success, autologous CAR-T cells …

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are fusion proteins with an extracellular antigen
recognition domain and numerous intracellular signaling domains that have been …

The approval of CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T (CAR-T) cell products
in B-cell malignancies represents a breakthrough in CAR-T cell immunotherapy. However …

Cell-based drug delivery systems (DDSs) have received attention recently because of their
unique biological properties and self-powered functions, such as excellent biocompatibility …

Highlights•NK cells play a critical role in cancer immune surveillance.•NK cellular therapy is
safe but has some limitations.•Genetic engineering strategies are being employed to …

Natural killer (NK) cells are essential components of the innate immune system and play a
critical role in host immunity against cancer. Recent progress in our understanding of NK cell …

Despite advances in the diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, the prognosis of several
solid tumor malignancies remains poor. Different factors associated with solid tumors …

Adoptive cell therapy is a rapidly advancing approach to cancer immunotherapy that seeks
to facilitate antitumor responses by introducing potent effector cells into the tumor …

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are a rapidly emerging form of cancer treatment,
and have resulted in remarkable responses in refractory lymphoid malignancies. However …