The vagus nerve is composed primarily of nonmyelinated sensory neurons whose cell
bodies are located in the nodose ganglion (NG). The vagus has widespread projections that …

Severe spinal cord injury leads to neurogenic bladder dysfunction. We recently developed a
multisystem neuroprosthetic training program that promotes plastic changes capable of …

Aim: Recent studies have shown that various factors contribute to the increased excitability
into the bladder afferent nerves in spinal cord injury (SCI) rats. It has been reported that …

Spasticity is usually a useful substitute for deficiency of motor strength. However not
infrequently, it may become harmful leading to an aggravation of motor disability. When …

The book, in its second edition, is devoted to the neurosurgical management of spasticity
and focal dystonia. Starting with a chapter on the anatomical and physiological bases of …

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a signalling protein that interacts with specific receptors in
autocrine, paracrine and endocrine modes. It is produced by bladder smooth muscle and …

Abstract Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) disrupts critical autonomic pathways responsible for the
regulation of the immune function. Consequently, individuals with SCI often exhibit a …

Following spinal cord injury (SCI), loss of spinal and supraspinal control results in
desynchronisation of detrusor vesicae (parasympathicus) and external urethral sphincter …

Electrophysiological recordings were used to investigate the degree of pelvic/visceral
convergent inputs onto single medullary reticular formation (MRF) neurons. A total of 94 …

BACKGROUND: Two botulinum toxins A have been evaluated for the treatment of refractory
neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) in humans: Dysport (abobotulinumtoxinA) and Botox …