Mild TBI (mTBI) is a significant health concern. Animal models of mTBI are essential for
understanding mechanisms, and pathological outcomes, as well as to test therapeutic …

Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death in developed countries. It is estimated that
only in the United States about 100,000 people die annually in parallel among the survivors …

Background The etiology of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) remains elusive due to the
tissue and cellular heterogeneity of the affected brain regions that underlie cognitive …

Background The pharmacokinetics for sevoflurane and desflurane makes them suitable for
low-flow anesthesia. The aim of the present study was to assess the use of desflurane and …

Penetrating traumatic brain injury (pTBI) often occurs with systemic insults such as
hemorrhagic shock (HS) and hypoxemic (HX). This study examines rat models of …

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1), and
matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) are potential biomarkers of traumatic brain injury (TBI) …

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) contributes to a substantial number of deaths and
cases of disability. Despite well-established experimental models and years of carefully …

BACKGROUND Near-infrared spectroscopy estimates cerebral regional tissue oxygen
saturation (rSO 2), which may decrease under hyperventilation. Propofol and sevoflurane …

Polytrauma associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is defined as a concurrent injury to
the brain and one or more body areas or organ systems that results in physical, cognitive …

BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury often occurs with concomitant hypoxemia (HX) and
hemorrhagic shock (HS), leading to poor outcomes. This study characterized the acute …