Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects peripheral
organs as well as the central nervous system and involves a fundamental role of …

Evidence for a close bidirectional link between the brain and the gut has led to a paradigm
shift in neurology, especially in the case of Parkinson disease (PD), in which gastrointestinal …

In a striking display of trans-kingdom symbiosis, gut bacteria cooperate with their animal
hosts to regulate the development and function of the immune, metabolic and nervous …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized
by the death of dopaminergic neurons that project from the substantia nigra pars compacta …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, caused by, so far, unknown
pathogenetic mechanisms. There is no doubt that pro-inflammatory immune-mediated …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder where alpha-synuclein plays a
central role in the death and dysfunction of neurons, both, in central, as well as in the …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is caused by abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein in
dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra, which subsequently causes motor symptoms …

Multiple lines of evidence indicate that immune system dysfunction has a role in Parkinson
disease (PD); this evidence includes clinical and genetic associations between autoimmune …

Amyloids are a class of protein with unique self-aggregation properties, and their aberrant
accumulation can lead to cellular dysfunctions associated with neurodegenerative diseases …

There is increasing evidence showing that the dynamic changes in the gut microbiota can
alter brain physiology and behavior. Cognition was originally thought to be regulated only by …