Salt stress is one of the significant environmental stressors that severely affects plant growth
and development. Plant responses to salt stress involve a series of biological mechanisms …

Approximately 5.2 billion hectare agriculture land are affected by erosion, salinity and soil
degradation. Salinity stress has significantly affecting the fertile lands, and therefore …

Environmental stress is a major challenge for sustainable food production as it reduces yield
by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) which pose a threat to cell organelles and …

Improper use of water resources in irrigation that contain a significant amount of salts, faulty
agronomic practices such as improper fertilization, climate change etc. are gradually …

Salinity is a major abiotic stress limiting growth and productivity of plants in many areas of
the world due to increasing use of poor quality of water for irrigation and soil salinization …

Plant cells orchestrate an array of molecular mechanisms for maintaining plasmatic
concentrations of essential heavy metal (HM) ions, for example, iron, zinc and copper, within …

Main conclusion There is a need to integrate conceptual framework based on the current
understanding of salt stress responses with different approaches for manipulating and …

Salinity stress is a chief abiotic hindrance affecting crop productivity and yield particularly in
arid and semi-arid regions across the globe. Plants have evolved a network of physiological …

Plants exposed to salt stress undergo changes in their environment. The ability of plants to
tolerate salt is determined by multiple biochemical pathways that facilitate retention and/or …

Due to its wide industrial use, chromium is considered a serious environmental pollutant.
Contamination of soil and water by chromium (Cr) is of recent concern. Toxicity of Cr to …